sentative of the authentic PPS was included in the new Govern- · lllent. As a ma.tter o_ffact ,this new provisional Governme\li con-. sisted maiuly of the old Lublin -Government, with the addition , of a f.ew n'~.wMinis~~rs. ~fhree of them led by Mr. Mikol~jczyk, · were r_epresenta!,ives of the Peasant Party, while Mr. Stanczyk, went immediat~ly over to the Party of Mr. Osubka-MorawskL' ' · ,On J~n~ 29,th and 30th and July 1st, 1945, this Party held its next conference in Warsaw, described as the XXVIth Con- 'rere1ice o,f the P:PS, and again elected the national 'authorities, wi.th Mi:. Szwalbe (who never before the Lublin episode had 'teen known as member of the PPS) ~s the Chairman of the .S~p~eme.C~1:1ncial nd with M~- Osubka-Morawski as the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee. Of the members of the newly-elect~d Central E-xecutive Committee, only Mr. Staii.czyk had been a member of the pre-war Central Executive Committee d ·the authentic PPS. He was elected' for the first time' ~t the l;ii;t P,1'.e•w~rconferE,i;ieeof the Party and. his name was at the ~o\tom of the poll. T,he 1:.e<:og11itionf .the new Provisional Government by t~e ,Grea.t Po_w,e_rosnce again created a new situation, which becapie; tb.e su.bject of d.eliberations on the part of the Supi:eme Council of ,the an,thentic PPS, when it met again in secret under the· cJ;,.ai.rn\ansbi_p oJ zulaws~i, on July 5th, 19,45.ApproachiJ1g tl:ie· si,t1;mtjoureali.sticaUy, they decided that all efforts sboulg. be ;l}l,ad!;!,o ,secu.re a possibility of a constructive Socialist wor).cin. ·the new ani;l hard conditions prevailing in Poland. In particu,l.,ar-,t.he~up1·eme Council decLi;lednot to reject th:e possi,bility of 11, 1rie;-g,e1b·etween the aut)lentic PPS and t,JieParty led by Mr . .Psu.bk11-Moral"sk-ip, articularly, as the latter :Party had a11;eady imposed _itscontrol on .the lo~al branches of the PPS wJ:\ichhad c,oJne,into t.he open, _and_because the authentic· PPS ·was d~ni~d imy r.,ight to a legal political exis.tence and did not' wish .to_,c.ap:yon ~ts underground work uni;ler the new conditions. Ac• co·rdingly, delegations o.f the two parties met and set down. con-· ditions for a merger. These conditions, although imposing heavy .sacrifices on the authentic PPS, were ratified by it, while Mr. Osubka-Morawsl,d's C~mmittee first temporised and then definitely refused to ratify them. Attempts to form the Polish Social-Democrat_ic ~~rty . In the meantime, Mr. Mikolajczyk toge.ther with other lea-: ders of the genuine Peasant Party, managed to recreate ~hei_r)rt:· dependent Party, as distinct from the Lublin-created .Pe!lsant Party,_ and called it this time the Polish Peasant Party (PSL), · ·in order to avoid confusion between the two bodies. The· re~' ·suit.was ~hat m~sses of _p~asants now broke away from the Coµi, ~~µnist-con \rolled Peasant Party, rejoining the· Polish Peas.a~t' .rai·ty; whic,h has now become the only political party in Poland: free (rom Communist control. In addition, Mr.1 Popiel from L<~nrlon was allowed to re-create his "Labour Party", a Catholic. non-Socialist., Centre gronp, !llthongh he did not qnite iincc~e<I ~i!~. :. 7 BibliotecaGino Bianco
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