Kazimierz Puzak (the Seeretary General of the Party). It gave its support to the Polish Government in Paris, Angers and later in London, which included three Socialist Ministers. It was iilso represented in the co-called Home Coupcil' of Ministers, which formed an integral part of the Polish Government in London. Everywhere the PPS acted in accordance with its Socialist and democratic• principles and achieved g1·eat successes in ist work of ensuring to the Poland, which was to emerge after the German defeat, a bold and progressive political, social and economic policy. Notwithstanding the strict observance of all conspiratorial rules -·in which the PPS, owing to her old revolutionary trac,ition excelled anyone else - heavy losses could not be avoi~ed. Three members of the Central E.i,;2cutive Committee of· the Party (Niedzialkowski, Cza:pii1ski,Topinek) and 28 othe~ members of the Supreme Council of the Party, perished at the.hands of the invaders. Altoget'her about 700 prominent leaders· of ·the Party met tpeir death under the occupation. From these figures the losses amongst the rank ·and file can be imagined• But_ the Movement grew stronger and....stronger, new people j0ining it incessantly. In May 1944; in view of the approachG1g hour of the final and open rising against the Germans, the Monment could already afford to revert to the name of the PPS. The ,Communist Party of Poland (KPP)' 'l.'he Communist Party of Poland (KPP), whose forerunner had been the Social Democracy of the ·Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL), never succeeded. in gaining the support of the Polish working clas.s in any strength of for any considerable period of time. This was due to their unforgettable political blunders, such as: a) their definitely· negative attitude to the questioh of Poland's indepepdence prior to the Fir.it World War (a congres~ of the SDKPi:L in 1905 declared that Poland's independence was detrimental to' the international proletariat and the international social revolution); b) their boycott of the elections to the Constituent Assembly in 1919 and, in general, their negative attitude to the reborn -Polish Republic; c) the"ir attitude to the Russian invasion of Poland in the summer of 1920- and thefr role during the Polish defence of Warsaw; cl) their appeal in 1932 for the severance of Polish Pomerania and Upper ~lesia from the Polish Republic in favour of Germany. Equally, the attitude of the Communists to the PolishGei·man war up to June 22nd, 1941 cannot be forgotten. It is needless to say that in spite of this Communist record, the PPS always resolutely opposed any persecutions of the Communists and claimed for them the right of free political existence. The self-styled, Lublin group On July 22nd, 1944 the so-called Polish Committee ot Na· t.ional Liberation (PJCWN) wag proclaimed in Chelm, after the entry into that town of the R;ed Army- Later, it founde(l Its ' 's1blioteca Giro Bianco "
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