Elisee Reclus - Evolution and revolution

II created out of nothing; or the old education according to which everything comes from nGthing, and three persons make only one I The elementary school, it is true, is not all: it is not enough to catch a glimpse of science, one should be able to apply it in every direction. Therefore Socialistic evolution renders it necessary that school should be a permanent institution for all men. After receiving '' general enlightenment " in a primary school, each ought to be able to develop to the full such intellectual capacity as he may possess, in a life which he has freely chosen. Meanwhile let not the worker despair. Every great conquest of science ends by becoming public .Property. Professional scientists are obliged to go through long ages of research and hypothesis, they are obliged to struggle in the midst of error and falsehood; but when the truth is gained at length, often in spite of them, thanks to some despised revolutionists~ it shines forth clear and simple in all its brilliance. All understand it without an effort: it seems as if it had always been known. Formerly learned men fancied that the sky was a round dome, a metal roof-or better still-a series of vaults, three, seven, nine, even thirteen, each with its procession of stars, its distinct Jaws, its special ngime and its troops of angels and archangels to guard it ! But since these tiers of heavens, piled one upon the other, mentioned in the Bible and Talmud, have been_ demolished, there is not a child who does not know that round the earth is infinite and unconfined space. He hardly can be said to learn this. It is a truth which henceforward forms a part 1>fthe universal inheritance. It is the same with all great acquisitions, especially in morals and political economy. There was a time when the great majority of men were born and lived as slaves, and had no other ideal than a change of servitude. It never entered their heads that "one man is as good as another." Now they have learnt it, and understand that the virtual equality bestowed by evolution must be changed into real equality, thanks to a revolution. Instructed by life, the workers. comµrehend certain economic laws much better than even professional economists. Is there a single work- •man who remains indifferent to the question of progressive or proportional taxation, and who does not know that all •xes fall on the poorest in the long run? Is there a single Bibi oteca G 110 Banco 0

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